# How to write the paper

From 2021 the report in this course will be written as one big research paper using the LaTeX template (also availiable on Overleaf if you want to use this) for the Astronomy and Astrophysics journal giving you some experience in writing a proper paper. If you prefer another journal style like Physical Review D (Latex files; Overleaf) or Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (Latex files; Overleaf) you can also use that. You will hand in the paper after each milestone and get feedback (we will only go through what is new in the paper for every handin). The paper should have sections similar to the ones listed below:

• Introduction: Write a short introduction (and an abstract) for the whole project (add it whenever you want, but this part will be evaluated in the end together with Milestone IV) and for each of the milestones.
• Theoretical background: Write a short subsection for each milestone with the relevant theory. You can copy the equations from the website if you need to (but all text should be your own). You don't have to add derivations of the equations.
• Implementation, numerical methods and tests: Write a short subsection for each milestone on the numerical implementation you have done. Describe briefly what you have done in the code. What are the inputs needed, what are the steps you are doing and mention if you used any special algorithms etc. (if you just used the ODE solver or a spline just briefly say for example that we used a Runge-Kutta 4 ODE solver and created a qubic spline, you don't have to add much more than that. You don't have to comment on every single function you have in the code. This is meant to be a brief overview with just the most important details).
• Results: Write a short subsection for each milestone presenting and discussing the main results. Try to use the physics we have learned in class to explain the plots: e.g. what does it mean that $\frac{d\mathcal{H}}{dx}$ crosses zero, what are the different regimes seen in the evolution of $\delta_b(x,k)$, why does the matter power-spectrum have a peak, etc.
• Conclusions: Write a short conclusion section where you summarize and discuss the results, possible way forward (improvements) etc. Will be evaluated in the end

You are free to structure the paper as you want as long as it contains all the stuff listed above. The paper will be graded Milestone by Milestone so you get feedback as we go along and then as a whole in the end (so for Milestone IV we will also evaluate the abstract, introduction and conclusion section).

Figure: Example on how one can structure the paper. This example can be found in this latex file (requires the A&A LaTeX package to compile).

You should also hand in the code. For the numerical work you get max score for correctly having completed the full assignment. For (bigger) mistakes or if there are things that you did not manage to do then there will be points subtracted. How much I subtract will depend on how the results are discussed in the report (getting wildly wrong results and not commenting on it is really bad). I don't subtract or add points for how the coding is done, what algorithms are used etc. but I will give feedback for those who are interested. The final point is something I should not have to mention as it should be obvious: but you don't copy text from anywhere (from Wikipedia, fellow students or whatever). All words should be your own. The only exceptions are equations - you can copy the TeX of the equations from this website, you don't have to retype them yourself. Also this is an individual project. You can (and should) help each others if you have problems, but at the end of the day its you that should do your own coding.